Which of the following contributes to the greenhouse effect?

The greenhouse effect is primarily caused by the accumulation of certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere, which trap heat and contribute to global warming. Carbon dioxide emissions are a significant contributor to this phenomenon. When fossil fuels are burned for energy, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. This gas, along with others like methane and nitrous oxide, enhances the greenhouse effect by allowing sunlight to enter the atmosphere while preventing some of the heat from escaping back into space.

In the context of the other options, although ozone depletion refers to the reduction of the ozone layer, which protects life from harmful UV radiation, it does not directly contribute to the greenhouse effect. Deforestation does play a role in increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases since trees absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. However, the most direct and significant contributor among the choices provided is carbon dioxide emissions, making it the most relevant answer.

Understanding the various contributors to the greenhouse effect is essential in addressing climate change. While factors like deforestation and ozone layer depletion have their own environmental impacts, carbon dioxide emissions are a fundamental driver of the greenhouse effect and global warming.