The window of opportunity from the demographic dividend generally ends due to which reason?

The demographic dividend refers to the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population's age structure, typically when the number of working-age individuals (ages 15-64) is larger than the non-working-age population, such as children and the elderly. A key factor in reaping this dividend is the ability of a country to effectively utilize this working-age population by providing jobs, education, and other opportunities for economic participation.

The window of opportunity from the demographic dividend can close when people live longer. As life expectancy increases, the proportion of older individuals in the population also rises, which can lead to a greater dependency ratio. With more elderly people, there are fewer working-age individuals to support them through taxes and economic productivity. This shift can strain social services, healthcare systems, and economic resources, diminishing the potential benefits of the demographic dividend and leading to increased financial pressures on the working population.

In contrast, the other factors described, such as an increase in rural populations or larger families, do not necessarily indicate the closing of the demographic dividend but rather reflect various sociocultural trends within a population. Economic pressures requiring more people to work could also contribute to the situation, but the fundamental aspect of the demographic dividend relates more directly to the balance of age