Lakes that are affected by environmental acidification typically have what kind of ecological condition?

Lakes affected by environmental acidification typically result in ecological conditions characterized by fewer animals and higher aluminum levels. Acidification occurs when pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are deposited into water bodies, leading to a decrease in pH. As the pH drops, the availability of toxic metals such as aluminum increases; an influx of hydrogen ions displaces aluminum from soil and rock particles, leading to higher concentrations in the water.

The adverse effects on animal populations stem from the sensitivity of many aquatic species, such as fish and invertebrates, to changes in pH levels and the heightened toxicity of aluminum. Many species become stressed or cannot survive in more acidic conditions, leading to reduced biodiversity and fewer animals overall.

The impact on plant life can vary, but typically, the availability of certain nutrients changes in more acidic conditions, which may inhibit the growth of some aquatic plants that would otherwise contribute to a healthy ecosystem. Thus, the interaction of these factors contributes to the ecological condition of lakes experiencing acidification, aligning with the observed pattern of fewer animals and higher aluminum levels.