In terms of energy efficiency, how do passive solar buildings function?

Passive solar buildings function by utilizing sunlight for heating without the need for mechanical systems, making them energy efficient. This approach relies on the design and materials of the building to collect, store, and distribute solar energy effectively. Key elements of passive solar energy design include large south-facing windows that maximize sunlight exposure, thermal mass materials that absorb and store heat during the day and release it at night, and strategic shading or ventilation to regulate indoor temperatures.

The absence of mechanical systems distinguishes passive solar buildings from other heating methods, allowing them to operate with minimal energy use and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. This method leverages the natural qualities of sunlight and the physical characteristics of the building structure itself, promoting sustainability and energy conservation.