How has the disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) changed since the 1960s?

The disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) has evolved significantly since the 1960s, particularly in how waste is managed and processed. Although burning waste was once a common practice, advancements in waste management strategies, environmental regulations, and public awareness have led to a marked decrease in incineration of MSW as a disposal method.

In the 1960s, burning was often seen as a way to reduce waste volume and eliminate pathogens; however, due to concerns over air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and the release of harmful dioxins from the combustion of plastics and other materials, many regions have sought to reduce and phase out this practice. Regulations have tightened, and there is now a greater emphasis on sustainable waste management practices, focusing on reducing waste generation, increasing recycling rates, and promoting composting.

As a result, while some facilities still utilize waste-to-energy technologies, the overall trend shows a decline in the likelihood of MSW being burned as a primary method of disposal. Instead, there is a stronger push towards recycling, composting, and reducing landfill dependence. This shift reflects growing environmental awareness, advancements in recycling technologies, and policies aimed at sustainability.