A country that has undergone a full demographic transition has?

A country that has undergone a full demographic transition is characterized by a lower birth rate and a lower death rate, alongside significant industrialization. This demographic transition refers to the shift from high birth and death rates typical of pre-industrial societies to lower rates found in industrialized societies.

In the early stages of demographic transition, both birth rates and death rates are high, which results in a relatively stable population. As a country progresses through the stages of demographic transition, improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and education lead to a reduction in death rates. Following this, birth rates begin to decline as families adapt to new social norms and economic conditions, leading to a lower overall population growth rate.

By the time a country has reached the final stage of demographic transition, it typically exhibits both low birth and death rates, resulting in a stable population. Industrialization plays a crucial role in this process, as economic development often correlates with changes in societal values, increased access to education, and improved healthcare services. Thus, option C effectively encapsulates the characteristics of a country that has completed this transition.